Kaymaklı Underground City

The Cappadocia Region is home to an estimated 150 to 200 underground cities, primarily carved into soft tuff rocks for security reasons, with interconnected rooms and labyrinthine tunnels to restrict enemy mobility. The underground city of Kaymaklı in the village of the same name is notable for its unique layout and multi-story design. Its tunnels are low, narrow, and sloping, with four floors currently uncovered, featuring stables on the first floor and storage areas, wineries, and kitchens on the third floor. Of particular interest is a block of andesite with relief-texture on the third floor, showcasing 57 holes for crushing and grinding purposes. Despite not being fully excavated, Kaymaklı is considered one of the largest underground settlements in the region, with a significant number of storage rooms suggesting a sizable population once lived there.